OpenID Connect
The identity layer built on top of OAuth 2.0 that lets clients verify who a user is and receive their identity in a signed ID Token.
Standards
The specifications that pinned the languages down - each tied to the standards body that issued it.
116 entries, all primary-sourced
CommonMark
A rigorous, unambiguous specification of Markdown, created by John MacFarlane and others to end the chaos of incompatible Markdown dialects.
HTML5
The fifth major revision of HTML, which added native audio, video, and canvas plus rich APIs, helping bring the plugin-and-Flash era to an end.
MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport)
MQTT is a lightweight publish/subscribe messaging transport protocol designed for constrained devices and low-bandwidth, high-latency networks. Created in 1999, it became an OASIS Standard in 2014 and is now a backbone protocol of the Internet of Things.
JSON Web Token (JWT)
A compact, URL-safe token format, defined in RFC 7519, for representing claims as a signed or encrypted set of three dot-separated parts.
OpenAPI Specification
A standard, language-agnostic description format for HTTP APIs, formerly Swagger, that lets humans and machines understand a service without reading its source code.
Open Container Initiative (OCI)
A Linux Foundation governance project, launched in 2015 by Docker, CoreOS, and others, that created open standards for container image and runtime formats so containers are portable across the whole ecosystem.
GraphQL
A query language and runtime, created at Facebook and open-sourced in 2015, that lets clients request exactly the data they need from a single typed endpoint.
Push Notification
A server-initiated message delivered to a device or web app even when it is not running, standardized for the web by the W3C Push API and delivered on mobile through platform services like Apple's APNs and Google's FCM.
Vulkan
The low-overhead, explicit graphics and compute API released by the Khronos Group in 2016 as a successor to OpenGL, giving applications direct control over GPU acceleration.
Language Server Protocol (LSP)
A JSON-RPC based protocol introduced by Microsoft in 2016 that decouples language intelligence (completion, go-to-definition, diagnostics) from editors, turning an MxN integration problem into M+N.
AsyncAPI
An open specification for describing event-driven and asynchronous APIs, the message-broker and webhook counterpart to OpenAPI.
The Business Source License (BSL)
MariaDB's time-delayed source-available license: source is published and usable for non-production purposes immediately, production use is restricted, and on a defined Change Date the work automatically converts to a GPL-compatible open source license.
Jakarta EE
The enterprise Java platform specification, formerly Java EE and J2EE, defining Servlets, Pages, Persistence, and Enterprise Beans, now stewarded by the Eclipse Foundation.
ONNX
The Open Neural Network Exchange, an open file format and operator set for representing trained machine learning models so they move between frameworks and runtimes.
Debug Adapter Protocol (DAP)
A JSON-based protocol from Microsoft that decouples debuggers from editors and IDEs, the debugging sibling of the Language Server Protocol, so a debug adapter can be implemented once and reused across tools.
GraphQL Federation
An architecture, pioneered by Apollo Federation, for composing multiple independent GraphQL services into a single unified supergraph that clients query as one API.
JSON Schema
A declarative vocabulary for annotating and validating the structure of JSON documents, widely used to describe API request and response shapes.
EPUB (Electronic Publication)
EPUB is the open standard for digital books: a single ZIP container holding XHTML, CSS, SVG, and other Web content, with reflowable layout. Created by the IDPF in 2007 and now maintained by the W3C, it became a W3C Recommendation as EPUB 3.3 in 2023.
GGUF Format
The binary file format, successor to GGML and GGJT, used to distribute quantized large language model weights for local inference with llama.cpp and ggml-based runtimes.